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Transfusion, iron chelation, infection prevention and family screening
Thalassaemias and sickle cell disease are inherited haemoglobin disorders. Thalassaemia major requires lifelong transfusion and iron chelation; sickle cell disease causes vaso-occlusive episodes, haemolysis and organ complications. Care combines specialist follow-up, prevention, vaccination and family screening.
Haematology & Haemato-Oncology
Authored and reviewed by Dr. Sachita Baniya (MBBS, FCPS (Clinical Haematology), NMC 20158). Evidence-based, no fabricated outcomes.
Thalassaemias and sickle cell disease are inherited haemoglobin disorders. Thalassaemia major requires lifelong transfusion and iron chelation; sickle cell disease causes vaso-occlusive episodes, haemolysis and organ complications. Care combines specialist follow-up, prevention, vaccination and family screening.
Reviewed by Dr. Sachita Baniya, MBBS, FCPS — Consultant Haemato-Oncologist & Clinical Hematologist (NMC 20158). For evaluation, contact the respective hospital or cancer centre — Kathmandu Cancer Center (KCC) Nepal, Civil Service Hospital Kathmandu, or Advanced Care Hospital.
Diagnosis uses blood counts, peripheral smear, haemoglobin analysis and genetic testing. Thalassaemia is classified by the affected globin chain and severity; sickle cell disease is confirmed by haemoglobin electrophoresis or high-performance liquid chromatography. Family screening and genetic counselling are important for affected families.
Thalassaemia major requires regular transfusion to maintain haemoglobin, with iron chelation and monitoring for cardiac and endocrine iron overload. Sickle cell care includes hydration, pain management, vaccination, penicillin prophylaxis in children, hydroxyurea in selected patients and prompt treatment of acute chest syndrome or infection. Curative transplant is considered in selected severe cases.
Guidelines referenced:
Thalassaemia International Federation guidelinesBritish Society for Haematology guidelines on sickle cell diseaseWHO guidance on haemoglobinopathiesContent on this website is for general educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It is not a substitute for evaluation by a qualified healthcare professional. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified provider with any questions regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read on this website. In case of a medical emergency, contact emergency services immediately. No doctor–patient relationship is established by use of this site or by contacting the clinic through the site.