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Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent headache episodes, often with nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, and sometimes aura.
Quick Answer
Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent headache episodes, often with nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, and sometimes aura. Dr. Jitendra Prasad Yadav (NMC 8029, 15+ years of clinical experience) evaluates migraine at Kathmandu Neurology Clinic & Cognitive Center, Durbar Marg, Opposite of Yak & Yeti Hotel, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal — evidence-based, medically reviewed.
Migraine affects quality of life and daily function. Episodes may last hours to days and vary in frequency. Accurate diagnosis distinguishes migraine with aura, without aura, and chronic migraine, guiding appropriate discussion of management options and lifestyle considerations.
Diagnosis is clinical, based on history and examination using established criteria. Neuroimaging is not routinely required unless atypical features or red flags are present.
Management may include education, trigger and lifestyle discussion, acute options for attacks, and preventive considerations for frequent disease, tailored individually.
Management is individualized and discussed with benefits, limitations, and follow-up.
Regular sleep, hydration, meals, exercise, stress management, and review of medication overuse can be helpful alongside individualized medical guidance.
Red flags — seek urgent care
Migraine is a neurological condition; headache is one feature. Associated symptoms and functional impact are important for diagnosis.
Aura refers to visual, sensory, or speech symptoms that precede the headache in some people. Both types are migraine; the presence of aura may influence management discussion.
Some people notice patterns with certain foods, stress, or hormonal changes, but triggers vary individually and may be multiple. A diary helps identify patterns; however, avoiding triggers alone may not prevent all migraines.
Seek immediate care for sudden severe headache unlike any prior episode, neurological deficits, fever with neck stiffness, or headache after injury.
Yes; using acute pain medication on 10+ days per month can paradoxically lead to medication-overuse headache. Your doctor can discuss frequency and prevention.
Common triggers include sleep disruption, stress, hormonal changes, irregular meals, dehydration, and certain foods or drinks — but triggers vary widely and alone do not cause migraine without susceptibility.
Throbbing or pulsating head pain (often one-sided), nausea or vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound, visual aura in some, and worsening with routine activity. Episodes last 4–72 hours.
Diagnosis is clinical using ICHD-3 criteria — headache characteristics, associated symptoms, frequency calendar, medication history, and red-flag review. Imaging is reserved for atypical features.
Treatment may include trigger and lifestyle discussion, acute options for attacks, and preventive considerations for frequent disease, tailored individually. Education and follow-up are central.
Consider neurology evaluation when migraine is frequent, severe, changing in pattern, or not responding to primary care management — or when aura, neurological symptoms, or medication overuse are present.
Systematic evaluation of headache patterns, triggers, red flags, and associated symptoms to guide appropriate care.
Evaluation and longitudinal management for migraine with or without aura, including chronic migraine and medication-overuse concerns.
Care for frequent or daily headache presentations, with attention to underlying contributors and medication factors.
Chronic headache refers to headache occurring on 15 or more days per month for more than three months.
Tension-type headache is a common primary headache, often described as pressure or tightness around the head.
Cluster headache causes severe unilateral pain with autonomic features, occurring in clusters of attacks.
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Content on this website is for general educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It is not a substitute for evaluation by a qualified healthcare professional. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified provider with any questions regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read on this website. In case of a medical emergency, contact emergency services immediately. No doctor–patient relationship is established by use of this site or by contacting the clinic through the site.
Reviewed by Dr. Jitendra Prasad Yadav • Last reviewed: 2026-09-04
Authoritative external references:
Content is educational and aligns with standard medical references; individual evaluation may vary. External links provide context and do not imply endorsement.
Doctor — medically reviewed
Dr. Jitendra Prasad Yadav
Consultant Neurologist & Headache Specialist • MBBS, MD (Internal Medicine), FICN (Neurology), FCNV, FIHM • NMC 8029
This condition guide was medically reviewed by Dr. Jitendra Prasad Yadav.
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Emergency
For sudden neurologic change, thunderclap headache, or seizure >5 min, seek emergency services now.