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Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and cognitive difficulties, without evidence of tissue inflammation or damage.
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Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and cognitive difficulties, without evidence of tissue inflammation or damage. Dr. Shree Narayan Yadav (NMC 14227, Experienced clinical practice in internal medicine and rheumatology) evaluates fibromyalgia at Kathmandu Neurology Clinic & Cognitive Center, Durbar Marg, Opposite of Yak & Yeti Hotel, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal — evidence-based, medically reviewed.
Fibromyalgia is a centralized pain disorder in which the nervous system amplifies pain signals, leading to widespread tenderness and pain without identifiable tissue pathology. It affects an estimated 2 to 4% of the population and is more common in women. Symptoms include chronic widespread pain, fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, cognitive difficulties (fibro-fog), and mood disturbances. The condition is diagnosed clinically based on symptom criteria and the absence of alternative explanations. While the exact cause is unknown, central sensitization, altered neurotransmitter levels, and genetic predisposition are implicated. Management focuses on symptom relief, education, and improving function. Dr. Shree Narayan Yadav (NMC 14227) provides evaluation and management of fibromyalgia.
Diagnosis is clinical, based on the presence of widespread pain for at least three months along with fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive symptoms. The 2010 ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria removed the tender point examination in favor of symptom-based assessment. Laboratory tests (CBC, CRP, thyroid function, vitamin D) are normal and serve to exclude other conditions. No single biomarker confirms fibromyalgia.
Management combines pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Medications include duloxetine, milnacipran, pregabalin, and amitriptyline for pain and sleep. NSAIDs may provide partial relief for some patients. Non-pharmacological strategies include aerobic exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy, sleep hygiene, and patient education. Graded exercise programs and stress management improve long-term outcomes. Treatment should be individualized and address the most bothersome symptoms.
Management is individualized and discussed with benefits, limitations, and follow-up.
There is no proven prevention for fibromyalgia. Regular physical activity, good sleep habits, stress management, and early treatment of pain conditions may reduce the risk or severity of symptoms. Avoiding physical and emotional trauma where possible is advisable.
Yes. Fibromyalgia is a recognized chronic pain disorder with measurable changes in central nervous system pain processing. While there is no structural abnormality on standard tests, the symptoms are real and the condition is increasingly understood through neuroscience.
There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but symptoms can be significantly improved with appropriate treatment. A combination of medication, exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy, and lifestyle modifications helps most patients manage their condition.
No. Fibromyalgia is not a form of arthritis and does not involve joint inflammation or damage. It is a centralized pain disorder. However, fibromyalgia can coexist with other conditions including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Low-impact aerobic exercise such as walking, swimming, or cycling, begun gradually and increased over time, is the most evidence-supported exercise approach. Stretching, yoga, and strength training may also be beneficial. Exercise should be tailored to individual tolerance.
No. Fibromyalgia is classified as a disorder of central pain processing (nociplastic pain), not an autoimmune disease — blood tests are typically normal. However, it frequently coexists with autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
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Comprehensive evaluation for joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and autoimmune conditions by Dr. Shree Narayan Yadav (NMC 14227), Consultant Physician & Joint and Autoimmune Disease Specialist.
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Insomnia disorder involves persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or early morning awakening with inability to return to sleep, causing significant distress or daytime impairment.
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Content on this website is for general educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It is not a substitute for evaluation by a qualified healthcare professional. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified provider with any questions regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read on this website. In case of a medical emergency, contact emergency services immediately. No doctor–patient relationship is established by use of this site or by contacting the clinic through the site.
Reviewed by Dr. Jitendra Prasad Yadav • Last reviewed: 2026-09-04
Content is educational and aligns with standard medical references; individual evaluation may vary. External links provide context and do not imply endorsement.
Doctor — medically reviewed
Dr. Shree Narayan Yadav
Consultant Physician & Joint and Autoimmune Disease Specialist • MBBS (KU), MD-Internal Medicine (NAMS), MSc Clinical Rheumatology (USW, UK) • NMC 14227
This condition guide was medically reviewed by Dr. Shree Narayan Yadav.
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